International and domestic air transportation services Essay Example for Free

Global and residential air transportation administrations Essay Presentation The Qantas bunch works worldwide and household air transportation administrations for recreation and business voyaging, cargo and coordinations administrations .It is additionally offers help exercises including data innovation, providing food ground dealing with, building and upkeep. Qantas with its double technique brand Jetstar flies presently to in excess of 173 goals in 42 nations and works an armada of 246 airplane. The goal of this carrier is to work a 20-in number airbus 380 armada by 2015.The gathering is likewise a piece of the world worldwide promoting and code-sharing partnership, which comprises of 11 driving carriers. Qantas’ partners are its investors, workers, client, colleagues and the network. Roundabout partners incorporate the media, governments and non-government associations. They all affect the business, its methodology and hence its presentation. It is to make reference to that Qantas bunch is in the one of a kind situation of having two extraordinary and settled brands in both the premium and low passages classes with Qantas and Jetstar, which makes it a size opponent for Singapore Airlines. The central station of Qantas is situated in New South Wales, Australia. It is separated into three fundamental branches which incorporate the Flying business, flying administrations Businesses and the Associated Services. All branches of this gathering have concentrated on one objective and that’s nothing aside from guaranteeing excellent help in most effective manner. Be that as it may, they long haul reason for existing is to work the world’s best premium aircraft, Qantas, an d the world’s best low charges transporter, Jetstar. Body Complete Porters 5 powers investigation These days, Porter’s Five Forces model is the most significant power which influences the Airline business, particularly on the grounds that the market is totally soaked. There are more specialist organizations than required in both neighborhood just as universal markets (GreenBb, 2008). The aircrafts constantly go up against one another regarding client administrations, innovation, costs, in-flight amusement, and a lot more regions (GreenBb, 2008). As a matter of fact, Porter’s Model is a business technique device which is utilized to examine the seriousness and appeal of the carrier business of which Qantas works. It is considered as a significant piece of arranging apparatus set (Kawatra, 2013).Its investigation comprises of 5 basic serious powers: The contention among existing players: Medium to High Qantas is confronted with rivalry inside the local aircraft industry in Australia from Virgin Blue and Tiger Airways and global rivalry from all significant carrier administrators including British Airways and Deutsche Lufthansa (every one of the three carrier administrators are national lead bearers). The wild contention has brought about significant expense of rivalry, lower benefits and slow market development. Dealing intensity of Suppliers: Medium The primary variables which decide the haggling intensity of providers incorporate exchanging costs, substitute providers, danger of in reverse and forward coordination and provider fixation. The carrier provider advertise for airplanes is exceptionally thought as there are two principle providers, Boeing and Airbus. Their dealing power is high in this industry (GreenBb, 2008). This limits Qantas, alongside its rivals, from practicing command over their providers to produce higher benefit. Danger of Substitutes: Low The danger of elective answer for global aircraft travel is some way or another constrained. In any case, the danger for local carrier travel incorporates train, transport or vehicle travel which is determinants of cash, inclination, time and accommodation of the voyager. The simplicity of changing to a substitute expands rivalry (xiamichael, 2012). Henceforth, when exchanging cost is moderately low, the opposition gets higher and cost turns out to be considerably progressively significant. The aircraft business is extremely serious and therefore, net revenues are generally low. Additionally, the bartering of the provider is high which sabotages organizations in the aircraft business to practice command over their provider. With high passage cost, new rivalry into the universal carrier advertise is low. Qantas can keep on overwhelming this market while as yet rivaling local market utilizing the Frequent Flyer program increment steadfast client. Danger of new passage: Low On the planet today, the aircraft business is immersed to such an extent that there is not really space for a newcomer even to press its way in. The greatest for this is the expense of passage. The significant expense of purchasing and renting airplane; operational exercises including wellbeing and safety efforts, client assistance and labor; makes the aircraft business one of the most costly ventures (Q.G). Different obstructions to section which will deny new comers into the carrier business incorporate Government limitations and the brand name of existing aircrafts. Brand name acknowledgment and successive fliers point likewise assume a job in the aircraft business. A carrier with a solid brand name and motivations can frequently draw in a client regardless of whether its costs are higher. On the other hand, a newcomer could simply enter this immersed advertise simpler with a totally new idea or innovation (GreenBb, 2008). Haggling intensity of Buyer: Medium to Decline The haggling intensity of purchasers is another power that can influence the serious situation of an organization. The aircraft business is serious as they are going after similar travelers and exchanging cost between carrier administrators is low. Subsequently, the purchaser power is high in this industry. There are different decisions introduced to clients; which as a rule implies brand devotion or cost is the primary elements while choosing an aircraft (Q.G). Purchasers for Qantas incorporate business explorers, relaxation voyagers, and trip specialists. Actually, they request an incentive for each dollar spent, along these lines they hope for something else and more from the aircraft. Qantas has the regular customer program which rewards steadfast clients and builds exchanging costs for a traveler choosing an adversary carrier administrator. Add to this, the innovation improvements help the Qantas to diminish the purchaser power (xiamichael, 2012). End The aircraft business is serious and accordingly, net revenues are generally low. Likewise, the dealing of the provider is exceptionally high which sabotages organizations in the aircraft business to practice power over their provider. With high passage cost, new rivalry intothe universal carrier showcase is exceptionally low. Qantas can keep on ruling this market while as yet rivaling local market utilizing the Frequent Flyer program increment faithful client. Factor| Characterization (Current)| Future Trend| | Threat Rating| Key Rational| Threat Rating| Key Rational| Rivalry Among Existing Competitors | Level of merchant concentration?| Y-H| There are more carrier organizations when contrasted with the customers’ prerequisite, that’s why this market is saturated.| Y-H| Top class aircrafts are likewise now concentrating on the lower cost to increase greatest market share.E.g. Qantas has started fly star. | Rate of industry growth?| Y-H| Yes, it’s developing yet the substitute factors additionally make it exceptionally difficult to keep up that development rate. And furthermore there is Lack of diversification| Y-H| In future It would be same all things considered by today’s forecasting.| Significant cost contrasts among firms?| Y-H| Major expenses and costs are same however it rely upon the goal carrier is operating.| Y-H| Same pattern will continue.| Excess capacity?| Y-H| There is tremendous rivalry in aircraft industry that prompts over the top limit when contrasted with request. | Y-H| Customers’ development will be overwhelmed by the competitors’ rivalry. | Degree of item separation among merchants? | Y-M| Qantas has both significant expense transporter just as minimal effort carrier.| Y-L| Innovation and innovation will prompt new chances to the aircraft industry.| Brand steadfastness to existing sellers?| Y-H| There is no brand devotion by the client as a result of value rivalry in the industry.| Y-H| Same pattern Will Remain as it is.| Buyers’ expenses of changing from one contender to another?| Y-H| Just a single tick for cha nging the carrier from their PC screen.Most of clients change the carrier on the bases of cost factor| Y-H| No change in close future.| Strengths of exit barriers?| Y-H| as a result of high capital expense for gear (planes) and different offices there would be an immense waste.| Y-M| Some factor like innovation may assist with diminishing the cost| Can firms modify costs quickly?| Y-H| obviously with considering value methodologies they would adjust.| Y-H| Same costing strategies.| Factor| Characterization (Current)| Future Trend| | Threat Rating| Key Rational| | Threat Rating| Dangers of New Entrants | Critical economies of scale? | Y-M| It would cost a great deal to purchase/rent an aircraft| Y-H| The expenses of purchasing or renting airplanes are diminishing. | Importance of notoriety or built up brand in buy decision?| Y-H| The opposition depends on price| Y-H| The opposition depends on price| Entrants’ access to dispersion channels?| Y-H| High openness to heaps of sites and application would make it a lot simpler and furthermore There are flight focuses and travel agencies| Y-H| With the quickly developing innovation it will open much more entryways through the availability to appropriation channels| Entrants’ access to innovation/know how?| Y-M| proficient courses which could make it conceivable to figure out how to utilize the technology| Y-L| The quantity of gifted work would decrease| Entrants’ access to ideal location?| Y-H| All the organizations work from airports.| Y-H| All organizations working from airports.| Government insurance of incumbents?| Y-M| There ought to be some administration guideline But it despite everything going to be attainable| Y-L| More guideline

Psychology in Marketing free essay sample

Before we start, a meaning of what shopper brain research is and what it means will be given. â€Å"The term buyer brain science alludes to the investigation of how individuals identify with the products and enterprises they use in their day by day lives. Otherwise called the investigation of buyer conduct, shopper brain research gives chances to look at issues, for example, what variables are most significant when individuals choose to buy a specific thing, how clients decide the estimation of administration, and whether TV and magazine commercials can persuade a hesitant purchaser to attempt another item for the first time† (Hinders, 2010). Purchaser brain science assumes such a significant job in promoting, publicizing, financial aspects and social and psychological brain research. Customer brain research is such a mind boggling some portion of advertising and the economy that the International Association for Research in Economic Psychology (IAREP) and the Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics (SABE) has a yearly meeting. We will compose a custom article test on Brain science in Marketing or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The yearly meeting is intended to examine the logical premise of the monetary dynamic procedure of people and the perplexing needs and deficiencies too (Kirchler Hoelzl, 2006). Different ideas create from these mental gatherings that numerous planners use in the promoting of their item. A generally utilized idea is the advertising idea and an augmentation of this idea is green and social promoting. The crucial methodology in the showcasing idea is that the â€Å"marketer should focus on the customers’ needs and needs so as to accomplish and keep up fruitful business relationships†(Vazifehdust, Taghipourian, Gharib, 2011). While that might be were the purchaser brain research started, it has changed in its structure to impact how the client feel and to decide for them. To not really consider the shopper needs, yet to cause them to accept that they need the item. Green promoting exploits customers’ eagerness to buy, and once in a while pay a premium for, items that give private advantages just as open natural advantages. John B. Watson was a shopper analyst. He proposed that his promotion for the Johnson Johnson’s child powder play on the uneasiness and weaknesses of new moms. This was a beginning of perceiving how one could influence the passionate intrigue and influence a consumer’s perspective about an item to buy. His strategy of perceiving the passionate intrigue of publicizing stays a foundation of buyer brain science today† (Hinders, 2010). While buyer brain research assumes a significant job in promoting, it is continually advancing. It in configuration is the thing that makes a customer thinks he needs and needs. It is to cause the buyer to feel great about the buy and that the two gatherings leave feeling satisfi ed. It has gone from asking the client or shopper what he needs, yet centers around what the market accepts he should buy or own. References Hinders, D. 2010, May). What is Consumer Psychology? Recovered from http://wisegeek. com/what-is-buyer brain research. htm Kirchler, E. , Hoelzl, E. (2006). A quarter century of the Journal of Economics Psychology (1981-2005): A report on the advancement of an interdisclinary field of research. Diary of Economic Psychology, 27(32), 793-804. Vazifehdust, H. , Taghipourian, M. J. , Gharib, Z. (2011, November). Social Marketing, Green Marketing: The Extension of Marketing Concept. European Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 1450-2775(41), 42 - 57.

Magical Attic Eclipse Doggy Super Teacher Coloring Page

Magical Attic Eclipse Doggy Super Teacher Coloring Page A fine-detail coloring page that supports pre-writing skills Help children develop fine-motor and pre-writing skills with this Magical Attic coloring page featuring Eclipse Doggy as a true superhero - a teacher! This printable features complex shapes and fine-detail images to build skills and creativity. BCP Imagines BCP Imagines BCP Imagines designs and develops unique multimedia that brings children and their families creative, fun, shared experiences. Our award-winning cross-platform content encourages creative learning, expression and play while helping kids of ALL ages open their imaginations and look at their world in a new way. BCP Imagines' multi-award winning series Drawing with Mark brings the joy of learning to draw to all ages. The Magical Attic?, where anything is possible,? was created to help foster imagination and creative play while encouraging positive attitudes emphasizing the important lessons of kindness, friendship and helping others. Visit the Magical Attic store or purchase the Drawing with Mark collection!

Private Schools Capital Campaigns

Many schools want to keep their tuitions as low as possible to attract the most diverse student and parent body possible, so raising their tuition costs is not always an option.  Private schools do not cover all of their operating expenses from tuition payments; in fact, at many schools, tuition payments alone only cover about 60-80% of operating expenses, and therefore schools must also use  fundraising efforts  to cover their daily expenses. But what about special needs? Schools also need to raise money for future expenses, and to increase their endowments. Private schools typically have an Annual Fund, which is a set amount of money that the school raises each year to cover the costs of educating their students that are not met by tuition and fees. But what happens when theres an extenuating need for renovation of facilities or purchase of expensive equipment? Those needs are typically met by what is called a Capital Campaign, a fundraising effort designed to cover the massive expense of renovating their current buildings, constructing new buildings, greatly enhancing financial aid budgets and adding to their endowments. But what makes a Capital Campaign successful? Lets look at what one school did to lead one of the most successful Capital Campaigns in private schools. The Westminster Schools’ Capital Campaign The Westminster Schools, a co-ed Christian school in Atlanta, Georgia, for students in pre-first through twelfth grade, led one of the most successful private school capital campaigns in recent years. Westminster is one of only a few private schools that have managed to raise over $100 million as part of a capital campaign; the school has the largest endowment of any non-boarding school in the nation. Westminster Schools enrolls over 1,800 students on its 180-acre campus. About 26% of the students represent people of color, and 15% of students receive need-based financial aid. The school was founded in 1951 as a reorganization of the North Avenue Presbyterian School, a girls’ school. In 1953, the Washington Seminary, a girls’ school founded in 1878 that was the alma mater of Gone with the Wind author Margaret Mitchell, also merged with Westminster. Westminster Schools has long been a pioneer in Southeastern private schools, as it hosted a pilot program for advanced s tudies that eventually became Advanced Placement or AP coursework offered by the College Board, and it was also one of the first schools in the South to integrate in the 1960s. According to its press release, Westminster Schools launched a capital campaign in October of 2006 and completed it in January of 2011, having raised $101.4 million in the midst of a recession. The â€Å"Teaching for Tomorrow† campaign was an effort to secure the best teachers for the school in the years to come. More than 8,300 donors contributed to the capital campaign, among them current and past parents, alumni/ae, grandparents, friends, and local and national foundations. The President of the school, Bill Clarkson, credited the school’s focus on teaching with its success in raising funds. He believed that the campaign’s emphasis on excellence in teaching enabled the campaign to raise funds, even in difficult economic times. According to an article in the Atlanta Business Chronicle, $31.6 million from the Westminster Schools capital campaign will be dedicated to faculty hiring, $21.1 million to constructing a new junior high building, $8 million to continuing the school’s commitment to diversity, $2.3 million to promote global awareness, $10 million for community service programs, $18.8 million to foster annual giving, and $9.3 million in unrestricted endowment funding. The school’s current strategic plan calls for an increased focus on globalization, including teaching its students to thrive in an interconnected world; on technology, including teaching its students to understand how to deal with the increasing complexity of technology; and on educational research and conducting studies to determine whether teachers are using the most effective methods of instruction and whether the school’s current methods of assessment are truly helping students learn. As the school passes its 60th anniversary, the success of its capital campaign is helping it achieve its strategic goals. Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski  -  stacyjago

Rhetorical Analysis Of Turbocharger Design Effect On...

Rhetorical Analysis Through centuries of technological advancements, the sharing of information has become painless process. Improvements in computers and smartphones allow for the nearly instantaneous retrieval of answers for curious and questioning minds. However, it is not in the sharing of information that there lies a problem. Rather, it is the ability of the researchers and academics to appropriately communicate their findings to others that is troublesome. Rhetorical analyses are critical in the understating and sharing of new scientific discoveries in the academic world. The authors must be clear and focused in their writing if their papers and articles are to be rhetorically effective. Ways to accomplish this include writing in the IMRAD format, being mindful of the intended audience, assuring that the subject is useful, and using an established and credible publisher. Authors Theodosios Korakianitis and T. Sadoi write about the relationship between engine size and turbocharger size in their article, â€Å"Turbocharger-Design Effects on Gasoline-Engine Performance†. Their research examined overall efficiency and performance of differently size combinations of engine and turbochargers (Korakianitis, Sadoi, 2005, p.525). This article proves to be an effective rhetorical analysis because the authors examine an important topic that is relevant, properly acknowledge their audience, gain credibility through an established publi sher, and follow the IMRAD format of

Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories Free Essays

string(80) " change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly\." The issue of inequality has been widely discussed in many different contexts during various periods of human history. The fate of Australian aborigines requires special attention, due to its importance in the modern Australian society. As the article â€Å"Challenge to Improve Aborigines’ Lot† suggests, Australian aborigines claim that they are discriminated against and that they do not have equal rights with other members of Australian society. We will write a custom essay sample on Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now They state that most of the problems which they are currently facing come from their inequality in the society. They are destined to suffer from high rates of unemployment, racism, shorter life expectancy, high mortality rates among children and many other problems. Aborigines claim that they do not have equal opportunities with other members of society, and therefore they are not able to enjoy benefits of Australian society as much as other Australians. Theory of sagacious theorist Karl Marx supports the thesis of Jim Everett, one of the aborigines’ leaders, concerning the importance of fighting for their rights and even establishing an autonomous state of aborigines for their benefit. Karl Marx argued in his theory that dominant class oppresses working class in the society, which leads to alienation and estrangement of the working class from the results of its work. An important thesis which supports the main idea of the article is that, according to Marx, laws have been designed to serve the interests of capitalism and the ruling class of capitalists. Therefore, the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the dominant class and oppress aborigines. As Marx claimed, capitalists are able to oppress the working class with the help of the laws which exist in the society. Every single law which regulates the relations in the society is created in order to further increase the gap between the ruling class and the working class. Working people get poorer and poorer the more they produce because capitalists take the surplus value which they create. Laws let capitalists obtain the profits which are originated by companies. Even though working people would probably like to change the law and be capable to benefit from the results of their own work, they are not able to do that because they do not have enough power. Aborigines would like to change the law in such a way so that they are able to get all of the benefits from the society in the same manner as the ruling class is getting them. Unfortunately, they are not able to do that because the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the ruling elite. It is possible to regard Marx’s views on law in 2 ways: from the positivist perspective, according to which law is created in order to reflect subjective interests of the capitalist class, and from the objective perspective. As the positivist approach argues, capitalists have their own subjective perceptions of the society and thus the laws are being used in order to put their subjective views on the paper. Capitalists have their views on the ways in which they would like to see the world they live in. They do their best to ensure that the laws are adopted to regulate the society according to the most favorable pattern for them. It is also possible to interpret Marx’s views on law from the objective perspective. According to it, law also serves the interests of capitalists but it appears as the result of the objective process. Capitalists dominate in the society and therefore the trends in legislation which serve their interests are fully objective. It is understandable that legislation needs to reflect the interests of the ruling class, and therefore this process is fully objective. In the case of Australian aborigines’ inequality analysis, it is necessary to take positivist perspective on Marx’s understanding of law. Current legislation which exists in Australia was not formed as the result of objective process. Instead, it was imposed on Australian people in order to oppress them. European colonizers arrived in Australia a few centuries ago, and it was very important for them to ensure that indigenous people in Australia followed the laws which were beneficial for the conquerors. The first steps which were taken by the colonizers included expropriation of lands originally owned by them. The following steps were both positive and negative. On one hand, colonizers offered new health and educational benefits to the aborigines, which improved their lifestyle. On the other hand, aborigines saw the oppression of their culture. For example, they were not allowed to speak their native language in many situations, and children of aborigines were taken from their families. For Australian indigenous people, their traditions were one of the most important parts of their lives, and thus they witnessed deep humiliation as the result of colonizers’ policy. Aborigines did not need Europeans to dictate them their policy in everything; they would much rather prefer to carry out decisions on their own, as they did in previous years. They wanted to participate in the legislative process in the country when it comes to their rights and duties. Unfortunately, they never got a chance for that. Australian government still considers itself much more proficient in the aborigines’ affairs than aborigines themselves, and therefore seeks to regulate their lives according to its principles and ideas. Some changes have been recently made in order to improve the situation, but they are not sufficient in this situation, as Marx would mark. ASTIC, a commission dealing with aborigines’ rights, was replaced by a more efficient advisory board, the members of which included aborigines themselves. Even though this board is obviously going to be more efficient in addressing aborigines’’ rights, it is not capable to make a radical enough change in the society. The number of problems from which Australian natives are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly. You read "Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories" in category "Essay examples" For example, aborigines’ women are dying at a very early age, and this tendency needs to be stopped by radical methods. The expectancy of live of male aborigines is still 21 year shorter than other male Australians. According to statistics, even people in such poor countries as Bangladesh, Nepal and others have higher standards of life and much better health than Australian aborigines, despite the fact that Australia is currently considered one of the world’s wealthiest nations with good healthcare level. This evidence proves that there is a great lag between the levels of health services which are received by Australian aborigines, in comparison with other Australians. Even though some improvements in health services for Australian indigenous people have been made, according to the evidence of the article, they did not have any major positive effect on the health of the nation. Health is a very important characteristic of any nation, and without improving the healthcare system in Australia, it will be impossible to achieve any positive changes in the development of native people. The concept of â€Å"alienation†, which has been suggested by Karl Marx, can also be applied to analyze the issues connected with Australian aborigines. According to Marx, in the capitalist society, people are estranged from the results of their work. They are forced to work but unfortunately they are not the ones to take advantage of the results of their work. The owners of the factories, in which employees work, are the ones benefiting from the products which are created by the workers. Marx mentioned many times that such a society is characterized by alienation because workers are unable to take advantage of the results of their own work. The society based on the concept of alienation is destined to fail because at some point the relations which have got established in it will stop working. Aborigines do not represent a working class per se, but they do represent an oppressed class which is not able to take advantage from the results of their work. If in the past Australian aborigines were able to use their results of work for their own benefit, the situation changed rapidly after the European colonization began. Indigenous people were estranged from the results of work which they had been doing for centuries. They feel alienated in the new society. As it was mentioned above, laws in the Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the colonizers, and aborigines are therefore left behind in many aspects of life. Even though the government claims that they have equal rights with all of the other members of the society, figures show that the level of life of aborigines is much lower. These people are forced to suffer from high rate of un-employment and racism, which increase their alienation to an even greater degree. Aborigines state that they are experiencing institutionalized racism in many aspects of their lives, and no steps have been taken by the government to bring it to an end. The policy of welfare is also not fit to address aborigines’ rights. Many recommendations could be given to the Australian decision-makers in order to improve the situation with aborigines in the country. Karl Marx would claim that radical change will need to take place in Australian society in order to bring it to equilibrium. In his theory, Marx argued that all of the characteristic features of the capitalist production created a solid basis for the conflicts between social classes of capitalists and workers. According to Marx, the exploitation of workers provided on all levels of production, their estrangement from the results of work all were the reasons of the inevitable changes in the future. The fact that surplus value was obtained by the capitalist was also one of the arguments for the future change in the structure. The class of workers realized that the results of their work were taken by the capitalist even though they were the ones who actually created the value. The dialectics argues that contradictions are the driving force of progress. Once contradictions appear in some system, the system will need to undergo many changes and develop until the new level in which the synthesis of new qualities will be finally reached. Therefore, as it was correctly noticed by Marx, the phase of capitalism could not be completely over- it would just develop until its new phase socialism and the most positive features of both systems would be present in the final synthesis of the two systems. In case of Australian society, the law of dialectics would ensure that aborigines eventually occupied a decent place in the society. In order to achieve that, Karl Marx would suggest applying one of his favorite concepts- â€Å"re-education†. All of the aborigines would have to be re-educated for them to be able to occupy all of the high-paying jobs along with other Australians. As the result of increased earnings, aborigines would be able to spend more money on healthcare and thus increase life expectancy and health of their race. Unemployment among indigenous people would rapidly decrease because more and more aborigines would be able to occupy positions in various spheres. Domestic violence and crime would wane as the result of improved education and level of life. In conclusion, it is necessary to mark that Karl Marx’s theory is very applicable for the analysis of the situation with aborigines in Australia. Even though Karl Marx did not ponder over the issues of Australian aborigines, his concepts can be very helpful in the analysis of the phenomenon and creation of recommendations to improve the level of life of aborigines. Bibliography. Altschuler, R. (2000), The Living Legacy of Marx, Durkheim and Weber: Applications and Analyses of Classical Sociological Theory by Modern Social Scientists. Gordian Knot Books, USA. Eastman Max, Marx Karl (1959). Capital, the Communist Manifesto and Other Writings. The Modern Library. Fromm, Erich 91966). Marx’s Concept of Man. New York: Frederick Ungar. Giddens, Anthony (1971). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Kivisto, P. (2004), Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited, 3rd ed., Pine Forge, Thousand Oaks. Peterson G. Paul. (1994), Karl Marx and His Vision of Salvation: The Natural Law and Private Property. Review of Social Economy. Volume: 52. Issue: 3. Ritzer, G. (1992), Classical Sociological theory. NY: McGraw Hill. Schlatter, Richard (1951). Private Property. London, UK: George Allen Unwin. How to cite Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories, Essay examples Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories Free Essays string(141) " are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly\." Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories. The issue of inequality has been widely discussed in many different contexts during various periods of human history. The fate of Australian aborigines requires special attention, due to its importance in the modern Australian society. We will write a custom essay sample on Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the article â€Å"Challenge to Improve Aborigines’ Lot† suggests, Australian aborigines claim that they are discriminated against and that they do not have equal rights with other members of Australian society. They state that most of the problems which they are currently facing come from their inequality in the society. They are destined to suffer from high rates of unemployment, racism, shorter life expectancy, high mortality rates among children and many other problems. Aborigines claim that they do not have equal opportunities with other members of society, and therefore they are not able to enjoy benefits of Australian society as much as other Australians. Theory of sagacious theorist Karl Marx supports the thesis of Jim Everett, one of the aborigines’ leaders, concerning the importance of fighting for their rights and even establishing an autonomous state of aborigines for their benefit. Karl Marx argued in his theory that dominant class oppresses working class in the society, which leads to alienation and estrangement of the working class from the results of its work. An important thesis which supports the main idea of the article is that, according to Marx, laws have been designed to serve the interests of capitalism and the ruling class of capitalists. Therefore, the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the dominant class and oppress aborigines. As Marx claimed, capitalists are able to oppress the working class with the help of the laws which exist in the society. Every single law which regulates the relations in the society is created in order to further increase the gap between the ruling class and the working class. Working people get poorer and poorer the more they produce because capitalists take the surplus value which they create. Laws let capitalists obtain the profits which are originated by companies. Even though working people would probably like to change the law and be capable to benefit from the results of their own work, they are not able to do that because they do not have enough power. Aborigines would like to change the law in such a way so that they are able to get all of the benefits from the society in the same manner as the ruling class is getting them. Unfortunately, they are not able to do that because the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the ruling elite. It is possible to regard Marx’s views on law in 2 ways: from the positivist perspective, according to which law is created in order to reflect subjective interests of the capitalist class, and from the objective perspective. As the positivist approach argues, capitalists have their own subjective perceptions of the society and thus the laws are being used in order to put their subjective views on the paper. Capitalists have their views on the ways in which they would like to see the world they live in. They do their best to ensure that the laws are adopted to regulate the society according to the most favorable pattern for them. It is also possible to interpret Marx’s views on law from the objective perspective. According to it, law also serves the interests of capitalists but it appears as the result of the objective process. Capitalists dominate in the society and therefore the trends in legislation which serve their interests are fully objective. It is understandable that legislation needs to reflect the interests of the ruling class, and therefore this process is fully objective. In the case of Australian aborigines’ inequality analysis, it is necessary to take positivist perspective on Marx’s understanding of law. Current legislation which exists in Australia was not formed as the result of objective process. Instead, it was imposed on Australian people in order to oppress them. European colonizers arrived in Australia a few centuries ago, and it was very important for them to ensure that indigenous people in Australia followed the laws which were beneficial for the conquerors. The first steps which were taken by the colonizers included expropriation of lands originally owned by them. The following steps were both positive and negative. On one hand, colonizers offered new health and educational benefits to the aborigines, which improved their lifestyle. On the other hand, aborigines saw the oppression of their culture. For example, they were not allowed to speak their native language in many situations, and children of aborigines were taken from their families. For Australian indigenous people, their traditions were one of the most important parts of their lives, and thus they witnessed deep humiliation as the result of colonizers’ policy. Aborigines did not need Europeans to dictate them their policy in everything; they would much rather prefer to carry out decisions on their own, as they did in previous years. They wanted to participate in the legislative process in the country when it comes to their rights and duties. Unfortunately, they never got a chance for that. Australian government still considers itself much more proficient in the aborigines’ affairs than aborigines themselves, and therefore seeks to regulate their lives according to its principles and ideas. Some changes have been recently made in order to improve the situation, but they are not sufficient in this situation, as Marx would mark. ASTIC, a commission dealing with aborigines’ rights, was replaced by a more efficient advisory board, the members of which included aborigines themselves. Even though this board is obviously going to be more efficient in addressing aborigines’’ rights, it is not capable to make a radical enough change in the society. The number of problems from which Australian natives are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly. You read "Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories" in category "Essay examples" For example, aborigines’ women are dying at a very early age, and this tendency needs to be stopped by radical methods. The expectancy of live of male aborigines is still 21 year shorter than other male Australians. According to statistics, even people in such poor countries as Bangladesh, Nepal and others have higher standards of life and much better health than Australian aborigines, despite the fact that Australia is currently considered one of the world’s wealthiest nations with good healthcare level. This evidence proves that there is a great lag between the levels of health services which are received by Australian aborigines, in comparison with other Australians. Even though some improvements in health services for Australian indigenous people have been made, according to the evidence of the article, they did not have any major positive effect on the health of the nation. Health is a very important characteristic of any nation, and without improving the healthcare system in Australia, it will be impossible to achieve any positive changes in the development of native people. The concept of â€Å"alienation†, which has been suggested by Karl Marx, can also be applied to analyze the issues connected with Australian aborigines. According to Marx, in the capitalist society, people are estranged from the results of their work. They are forced to work but unfortunately they are not the ones to take advantage of the results of their work. The owners of the factories, in which employees work, are the ones benefiting from the products which are created by the workers. Marx mentioned many times that such a society is characterized by alienation because workers are unable to take advantage of the results of their own work. The society based on the concept of alienation is destined to fail because at some point the relations which have got established in it will stop working. Aborigines do not represent a working class per se, but they do represent an oppressed class which is not able to take advantage from the results of their work. If in the past Australian aborigines were able to use their results of work for their own benefit, the situation changed rapidly after the European colonization began. Indigenous people were estranged from the results of work which they had been doing for centuries. They feel alienated in the new society. As it was mentioned above, laws in the Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the colonizers, and aborigines are therefore left behind in many aspects of life. Even though the government claims that they have equal rights with all of the other members of the society, figures show that the level of life of aborigines is much lower. These people are forced to suffer from high rate of un-employment and racism, which increase their alienation to an even greater degree. Aborigines state that they are experiencing institutionalized racism in many aspects of their lives, and no steps have been taken by the government to bring it to an end. The policy of welfare is also not fit to address aborigines’ rights. Many recommendations could be given to the Australian decision-makers in order to improve the situation with aborigines in the country. Karl Marx would claim that radical change will need to take place in Australian society in order to bring it to equilibrium. In his theory, Marx argued that all of the characteristic features of the capitalist production created a solid basis for the conflicts between social classes of capitalists and workers. According to Marx, the exploitation of workers provided on all levels of production, their estrangement from the results of work all were the reasons of the inevitable changes in the future. The fact that surplus value was obtained by the capitalist was also one of the arguments for the future change in the structure. The class of workers realized that the results of their work were taken by the capitalist even though they were the ones who actually created the value. The dialectics argues that contradictions are the driving force of progress. Once contradictions appear in some system, the system will need to undergo many changes and develop until the new level in which the synthesis of new qualities will be finally reached. Therefore, as it was correctly noticed by Marx, the phase of capitalism could not be completely over- it would just develop until its new phase socialism and the most positive features of both systems would be present in the final synthesis of the two systems. In case of Australian society, the law of dialectics would ensure that aborigines eventually occupied a decent place in the society. In order to achieve that, Karl Marx would suggest applying one of his favorite concepts- â€Å"re-education†. All of the aborigines would have to be re-educated for them to be able to occupy all of the high-paying jobs along with other Australians. As the result of increased earnings, aborigines would be able to spend more money on healthcare and thus increase life expectancy and health of their race. Unemployment among indigenous people would rapidly decrease because more and more aborigines would be able to occupy positions in various spheres. Domestic violence and crime would wane as the result of improved education and level of life. In conclusion, it is necessary to mark that Karl Marx’s theory is very applicable for the analysis of the situation with aborigines in Australia. Even though Karl Marx did not ponder over the issues of Australian aborigines, his concepts can be very helpful in the analysis of the phenomenon and creation of recommendations to improve the level of life of aborigines. Bibliography. Altschuler, R. (2000), The Living Legacy of Marx, Durkheim and Weber: Applications and Analyses of Classical Sociological Theory by Modern Social Scientists. Gordian Knot Books, USA. Eastman Max, Marx Karl (1959). Capital, the Communist Manifesto and Other Writings. The Modern Library. Fromm, Erich 91966). Marx’s Concept of Man. New York: Frederick Ungar. Giddens, Anthony (1971). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Kivisto, P. (2004), Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited, 3rd ed., Pine Forge, Thousand Oaks. Peterson G. Paul. (1994), Karl Marx and His Vision of Salvation: The Natural Law and Private Property. Review of Social Economy. Volume: 52. Issue: 3. Ritzer, G. (1992), Classical Sociological theory. NY: McGraw Hill. Schlatter, Richard (1951). Private Property. London, UK: George Allen Unwin. How to cite Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories, Essay examples

Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories Free Essays

string(80) " change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly\." The issue of inequality has been widely discussed in many different contexts during various periods of human history. The fate of Australian aborigines requires special attention, due to its importance in the modern Australian society. As the article â€Å"Challenge to Improve Aborigines’ Lot† suggests, Australian aborigines claim that they are discriminated against and that they do not have equal rights with other members of Australian society. We will write a custom essay sample on Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now They state that most of the problems which they are currently facing come from their inequality in the society. They are destined to suffer from high rates of unemployment, racism, shorter life expectancy, high mortality rates among children and many other problems. Aborigines claim that they do not have equal opportunities with other members of society, and therefore they are not able to enjoy benefits of Australian society as much as other Australians. Theory of sagacious theorist Karl Marx supports the thesis of Jim Everett, one of the aborigines’ leaders, concerning the importance of fighting for their rights and even establishing an autonomous state of aborigines for their benefit. Karl Marx argued in his theory that dominant class oppresses working class in the society, which leads to alienation and estrangement of the working class from the results of its work. An important thesis which supports the main idea of the article is that, according to Marx, laws have been designed to serve the interests of capitalism and the ruling class of capitalists. Therefore, the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the dominant class and oppress aborigines. As Marx claimed, capitalists are able to oppress the working class with the help of the laws which exist in the society. Every single law which regulates the relations in the society is created in order to further increase the gap between the ruling class and the working class. Working people get poorer and poorer the more they produce because capitalists take the surplus value which they create. Laws let capitalists obtain the profits which are originated by companies. Even though working people would probably like to change the law and be capable to benefit from the results of their own work, they are not able to do that because they do not have enough power. Aborigines would like to change the law in such a way so that they are able to get all of the benefits from the society in the same manner as the ruling class is getting them. Unfortunately, they are not able to do that because the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the ruling elite. It is possible to regard Marx’s views on law in 2 ways: from the positivist perspective, according to which law is created in order to reflect subjective interests of the capitalist class, and from the objective perspective. As the positivist approach argues, capitalists have their own subjective perceptions of the society and thus the laws are being used in order to put their subjective views on the paper. Capitalists have their views on the ways in which they would like to see the world they live in. They do their best to ensure that the laws are adopted to regulate the society according to the most favorable pattern for them. It is also possible to interpret Marx’s views on law from the objective perspective. According to it, law also serves the interests of capitalists but it appears as the result of the objective process. Capitalists dominate in the society and therefore the trends in legislation which serve their interests are fully objective. It is understandable that legislation needs to reflect the interests of the ruling class, and therefore this process is fully objective. In the case of Australian aborigines’ inequality analysis, it is necessary to take positivist perspective on Marx’s understanding of law. Current legislation which exists in Australia was not formed as the result of objective process. Instead, it was imposed on Australian people in order to oppress them. European colonizers arrived in Australia a few centuries ago, and it was very important for them to ensure that indigenous people in Australia followed the laws which were beneficial for the conquerors. The first steps which were taken by the colonizers included expropriation of lands originally owned by them. The following steps were both positive and negative. On one hand, colonizers offered new health and educational benefits to the aborigines, which improved their lifestyle. On the other hand, aborigines saw the oppression of their culture. For example, they were not allowed to speak their native language in many situations, and children of aborigines were taken from their families. For Australian indigenous people, their traditions were one of the most important parts of their lives, and thus they witnessed deep humiliation as the result of colonizers’ policy. Aborigines did not need Europeans to dictate them their policy in everything; they would much rather prefer to carry out decisions on their own, as they did in previous years. They wanted to participate in the legislative process in the country when it comes to their rights and duties. Unfortunately, they never got a chance for that. Australian government still considers itself much more proficient in the aborigines’ affairs than aborigines themselves, and therefore seeks to regulate their lives according to its principles and ideas. Some changes have been recently made in order to improve the situation, but they are not sufficient in this situation, as Marx would mark. ASTIC, a commission dealing with aborigines’ rights, was replaced by a more efficient advisory board, the members of which included aborigines themselves. Even though this board is obviously going to be more efficient in addressing aborigines’’ rights, it is not capable to make a radical enough change in the society. The number of problems from which Australian natives are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly. You read "Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories" in category "Essay examples" For example, aborigines’ women are dying at a very early age, and this tendency needs to be stopped by radical methods. The expectancy of live of male aborigines is still 21 year shorter than other male Australians. According to statistics, even people in such poor countries as Bangladesh, Nepal and others have higher standards of life and much better health than Australian aborigines, despite the fact that Australia is currently considered one of the world’s wealthiest nations with good healthcare level. This evidence proves that there is a great lag between the levels of health services which are received by Australian aborigines, in comparison with other Australians. Even though some improvements in health services for Australian indigenous people have been made, according to the evidence of the article, they did not have any major positive effect on the health of the nation. Health is a very important characteristic of any nation, and without improving the healthcare system in Australia, it will be impossible to achieve any positive changes in the development of native people. The concept of â€Å"alienation†, which has been suggested by Karl Marx, can also be applied to analyze the issues connected with Australian aborigines. According to Marx, in the capitalist society, people are estranged from the results of their work. They are forced to work but unfortunately they are not the ones to take advantage of the results of their work. The owners of the factories, in which employees work, are the ones benefiting from the products which are created by the workers. Marx mentioned many times that such a society is characterized by alienation because workers are unable to take advantage of the results of their own work. The society based on the concept of alienation is destined to fail because at some point the relations which have got established in it will stop working. Aborigines do not represent a working class per se, but they do represent an oppressed class which is not able to take advantage from the results of their work. If in the past Australian aborigines were able to use their results of work for their own benefit, the situation changed rapidly after the European colonization began. Indigenous people were estranged from the results of work which they had been doing for centuries. They feel alienated in the new society. As it was mentioned above, laws in the Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the colonizers, and aborigines are therefore left behind in many aspects of life. Even though the government claims that they have equal rights with all of the other members of the society, figures show that the level of life of aborigines is much lower. These people are forced to suffer from high rate of un-employment and racism, which increase their alienation to an even greater degree. Aborigines state that they are experiencing institutionalized racism in many aspects of their lives, and no steps have been taken by the government to bring it to an end. The policy of welfare is also not fit to address aborigines’ rights. Many recommendations could be given to the Australian decision-makers in order to improve the situation with aborigines in the country. Karl Marx would claim that radical change will need to take place in Australian society in order to bring it to equilibrium. In his theory, Marx argued that all of the characteristic features of the capitalist production created a solid basis for the conflicts between social classes of capitalists and workers. According to Marx, the exploitation of workers provided on all levels of production, their estrangement from the results of work all were the reasons of the inevitable changes in the future. The fact that surplus value was obtained by the capitalist was also one of the arguments for the future change in the structure. The class of workers realized that the results of their work were taken by the capitalist even though they were the ones who actually created the value. The dialectics argues that contradictions are the driving force of progress. Once contradictions appear in some system, the system will need to undergo many changes and develop until the new level in which the synthesis of new qualities will be finally reached. Therefore, as it was correctly noticed by Marx, the phase of capitalism could not be completely over- it would just develop until its new phase socialism and the most positive features of both systems would be present in the final synthesis of the two systems. In case of Australian society, the law of dialectics would ensure that aborigines eventually occupied a decent place in the society. In order to achieve that, Karl Marx would suggest applying one of his favorite concepts- â€Å"re-education†. All of the aborigines would have to be re-educated for them to be able to occupy all of the high-paying jobs along with other Australians. As the result of increased earnings, aborigines would be able to spend more money on healthcare and thus increase life expectancy and health of their race. Unemployment among indigenous people would rapidly decrease because more and more aborigines would be able to occupy positions in various spheres. Domestic violence and crime would wane as the result of improved education and level of life. In conclusion, it is necessary to mark that Karl Marx’s theory is very applicable for the analysis of the situation with aborigines in Australia. Even though Karl Marx did not ponder over the issues of Australian aborigines, his concepts can be very helpful in the analysis of the phenomenon and creation of recommendations to improve the level of life of aborigines. Bibliography. Altschuler, R. (2000), The Living Legacy of Marx, Durkheim and Weber: Applications and Analyses of Classical Sociological Theory by Modern Social Scientists. Gordian Knot Books, USA. Eastman Max, Marx Karl (1959). Capital, the Communist Manifesto and Other Writings. The Modern Library. Fromm, Erich 91966). Marx’s Concept of Man. New York: Frederick Ungar. Giddens, Anthony (1971). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Kivisto, P. (2004), Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited, 3rd ed., Pine Forge, Thousand Oaks. Peterson G. Paul. (1994), Karl Marx and His Vision of Salvation: The Natural Law and Private Property. Review of Social Economy. Volume: 52. Issue: 3. Ritzer, G. (1992), Classical Sociological theory. NY: McGraw Hill. Schlatter, Richard (1951). Private Property. London, UK: George Allen Unwin. How to cite Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories, Essay examples Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories Free Essays string(141) " are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly\." Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories. The issue of inequality has been widely discussed in many different contexts during various periods of human history. The fate of Australian aborigines requires special attention, due to its importance in the modern Australian society. We will write a custom essay sample on Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the article â€Å"Challenge to Improve Aborigines’ Lot† suggests, Australian aborigines claim that they are discriminated against and that they do not have equal rights with other members of Australian society. They state that most of the problems which they are currently facing come from their inequality in the society. They are destined to suffer from high rates of unemployment, racism, shorter life expectancy, high mortality rates among children and many other problems. Aborigines claim that they do not have equal opportunities with other members of society, and therefore they are not able to enjoy benefits of Australian society as much as other Australians. Theory of sagacious theorist Karl Marx supports the thesis of Jim Everett, one of the aborigines’ leaders, concerning the importance of fighting for their rights and even establishing an autonomous state of aborigines for their benefit. Karl Marx argued in his theory that dominant class oppresses working class in the society, which leads to alienation and estrangement of the working class from the results of its work. An important thesis which supports the main idea of the article is that, according to Marx, laws have been designed to serve the interests of capitalism and the ruling class of capitalists. Therefore, the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the dominant class and oppress aborigines. As Marx claimed, capitalists are able to oppress the working class with the help of the laws which exist in the society. Every single law which regulates the relations in the society is created in order to further increase the gap between the ruling class and the working class. Working people get poorer and poorer the more they produce because capitalists take the surplus value which they create. Laws let capitalists obtain the profits which are originated by companies. Even though working people would probably like to change the law and be capable to benefit from the results of their own work, they are not able to do that because they do not have enough power. Aborigines would like to change the law in such a way so that they are able to get all of the benefits from the society in the same manner as the ruling class is getting them. Unfortunately, they are not able to do that because the laws in Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the ruling elite. It is possible to regard Marx’s views on law in 2 ways: from the positivist perspective, according to which law is created in order to reflect subjective interests of the capitalist class, and from the objective perspective. As the positivist approach argues, capitalists have their own subjective perceptions of the society and thus the laws are being used in order to put their subjective views on the paper. Capitalists have their views on the ways in which they would like to see the world they live in. They do their best to ensure that the laws are adopted to regulate the society according to the most favorable pattern for them. It is also possible to interpret Marx’s views on law from the objective perspective. According to it, law also serves the interests of capitalists but it appears as the result of the objective process. Capitalists dominate in the society and therefore the trends in legislation which serve their interests are fully objective. It is understandable that legislation needs to reflect the interests of the ruling class, and therefore this process is fully objective. In the case of Australian aborigines’ inequality analysis, it is necessary to take positivist perspective on Marx’s understanding of law. Current legislation which exists in Australia was not formed as the result of objective process. Instead, it was imposed on Australian people in order to oppress them. European colonizers arrived in Australia a few centuries ago, and it was very important for them to ensure that indigenous people in Australia followed the laws which were beneficial for the conquerors. The first steps which were taken by the colonizers included expropriation of lands originally owned by them. The following steps were both positive and negative. On one hand, colonizers offered new health and educational benefits to the aborigines, which improved their lifestyle. On the other hand, aborigines saw the oppression of their culture. For example, they were not allowed to speak their native language in many situations, and children of aborigines were taken from their families. For Australian indigenous people, their traditions were one of the most important parts of their lives, and thus they witnessed deep humiliation as the result of colonizers’ policy. Aborigines did not need Europeans to dictate them their policy in everything; they would much rather prefer to carry out decisions on their own, as they did in previous years. They wanted to participate in the legislative process in the country when it comes to their rights and duties. Unfortunately, they never got a chance for that. Australian government still considers itself much more proficient in the aborigines’ affairs than aborigines themselves, and therefore seeks to regulate their lives according to its principles and ideas. Some changes have been recently made in order to improve the situation, but they are not sufficient in this situation, as Marx would mark. ASTIC, a commission dealing with aborigines’ rights, was replaced by a more efficient advisory board, the members of which included aborigines themselves. Even though this board is obviously going to be more efficient in addressing aborigines’’ rights, it is not capable to make a radical enough change in the society. The number of problems from which Australian natives are currently suffering is literally overwhelming, and small change in legislation will not be able to minimize their effect significantly. You read "Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories" in category "Essay examples" For example, aborigines’ women are dying at a very early age, and this tendency needs to be stopped by radical methods. The expectancy of live of male aborigines is still 21 year shorter than other male Australians. According to statistics, even people in such poor countries as Bangladesh, Nepal and others have higher standards of life and much better health than Australian aborigines, despite the fact that Australia is currently considered one of the world’s wealthiest nations with good healthcare level. This evidence proves that there is a great lag between the levels of health services which are received by Australian aborigines, in comparison with other Australians. Even though some improvements in health services for Australian indigenous people have been made, according to the evidence of the article, they did not have any major positive effect on the health of the nation. Health is a very important characteristic of any nation, and without improving the healthcare system in Australia, it will be impossible to achieve any positive changes in the development of native people. The concept of â€Å"alienation†, which has been suggested by Karl Marx, can also be applied to analyze the issues connected with Australian aborigines. According to Marx, in the capitalist society, people are estranged from the results of their work. They are forced to work but unfortunately they are not the ones to take advantage of the results of their work. The owners of the factories, in which employees work, are the ones benefiting from the products which are created by the workers. Marx mentioned many times that such a society is characterized by alienation because workers are unable to take advantage of the results of their own work. The society based on the concept of alienation is destined to fail because at some point the relations which have got established in it will stop working. Aborigines do not represent a working class per se, but they do represent an oppressed class which is not able to take advantage from the results of their work. If in the past Australian aborigines were able to use their results of work for their own benefit, the situation changed rapidly after the European colonization began. Indigenous people were estranged from the results of work which they had been doing for centuries. They feel alienated in the new society. As it was mentioned above, laws in the Australian society have been created to serve the interests of the colonizers, and aborigines are therefore left behind in many aspects of life. Even though the government claims that they have equal rights with all of the other members of the society, figures show that the level of life of aborigines is much lower. These people are forced to suffer from high rate of un-employment and racism, which increase their alienation to an even greater degree. Aborigines state that they are experiencing institutionalized racism in many aspects of their lives, and no steps have been taken by the government to bring it to an end. The policy of welfare is also not fit to address aborigines’ rights. Many recommendations could be given to the Australian decision-makers in order to improve the situation with aborigines in the country. Karl Marx would claim that radical change will need to take place in Australian society in order to bring it to equilibrium. In his theory, Marx argued that all of the characteristic features of the capitalist production created a solid basis for the conflicts between social classes of capitalists and workers. According to Marx, the exploitation of workers provided on all levels of production, their estrangement from the results of work all were the reasons of the inevitable changes in the future. The fact that surplus value was obtained by the capitalist was also one of the arguments for the future change in the structure. The class of workers realized that the results of their work were taken by the capitalist even though they were the ones who actually created the value. The dialectics argues that contradictions are the driving force of progress. Once contradictions appear in some system, the system will need to undergo many changes and develop until the new level in which the synthesis of new qualities will be finally reached. Therefore, as it was correctly noticed by Marx, the phase of capitalism could not be completely over- it would just develop until its new phase socialism and the most positive features of both systems would be present in the final synthesis of the two systems. In case of Australian society, the law of dialectics would ensure that aborigines eventually occupied a decent place in the society. In order to achieve that, Karl Marx would suggest applying one of his favorite concepts- â€Å"re-education†. All of the aborigines would have to be re-educated for them to be able to occupy all of the high-paying jobs along with other Australians. As the result of increased earnings, aborigines would be able to spend more money on healthcare and thus increase life expectancy and health of their race. Unemployment among indigenous people would rapidly decrease because more and more aborigines would be able to occupy positions in various spheres. Domestic violence and crime would wane as the result of improved education and level of life. In conclusion, it is necessary to mark that Karl Marx’s theory is very applicable for the analysis of the situation with aborigines in Australia. Even though Karl Marx did not ponder over the issues of Australian aborigines, his concepts can be very helpful in the analysis of the phenomenon and creation of recommendations to improve the level of life of aborigines. Bibliography. Altschuler, R. (2000), The Living Legacy of Marx, Durkheim and Weber: Applications and Analyses of Classical Sociological Theory by Modern Social Scientists. Gordian Knot Books, USA. Eastman Max, Marx Karl (1959). Capital, the Communist Manifesto and Other Writings. The Modern Library. Fromm, Erich 91966). Marx’s Concept of Man. New York: Frederick Ungar. Giddens, Anthony (1971). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Kivisto, P. (2004), Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited, 3rd ed., Pine Forge, Thousand Oaks. Peterson G. Paul. (1994), Karl Marx and His Vision of Salvation: The Natural Law and Private Property. Review of Social Economy. Volume: 52. Issue: 3. Ritzer, G. (1992), Classical Sociological theory. NY: McGraw Hill. Schlatter, Richard (1951). Private Property. London, UK: George Allen Unwin. How to cite Newspaper analysis by Marx, Durkheim or Weber`s Theories, Essay examples

Sop Cassava Processing Essay Example

Sop Cassava Processing Essay |Document ID: |Standard Operating Procedures’ Title: |Print Date: | |ORIGIN-CA2 |CASSAVA PROCESSING |08/07/2012 | |Revision: |Written By: |Date Prepared: | |01 |Ayodele E. J. AJAYI, General Manager Operations |08/07/2012 | |Effective Date: |Reviewed By: |Date Reviewed: | |mm/dd/yyyy | |mm/dd/yyyy | | |Approved By: |Date Approved: | | | |mm/dd/yyyy | |Applicable Standard: None | |Company: ORIGIN Group of Companies Limited Vegefresh Foods Limited, Nigeria. | |In Africa, cassava is mostly used for human consumption in various forms ranging from boiling the fresh tuber to processing it into cassava flour. |[pic] Cassava starch in the making: freshly harvested roots roll | |along a conveyor belt at a processing plant in Brazil | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | |Cassava Starch. | | | | | Policy: It is a policy of this Company to provide Standard Operating Procedure documents that contain instructions on how to perform assigned tasks. Purpose: The purpose of this document is to ensure that routine tasks on the farm are performed safely, qualitatively and in compliance with applicable regulations. Below are some of the ways, this Standard Operating Procedure could have direct or indirect positive impact on ORIGIN Group’s Agric business performance: a) People need consistency to achieve top performance. This SOP will reduce system variation, which is the enemy of production efficiency and quality control. b) This SOP will facilitate training. We will write a custom essay sample on Sop Cassava Processing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sop Cassava Processing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sop Cassava Processing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Having complete step-by-step instructions helps trainers ensure that nothing is missed and provides a reference resource for trainees. c) This SOP can be an excellent reference document on how a task is done and what are the expectations from employees filling in on the jobs they do not perform on a regular basis. d) This SOP can help in conducting performance evaluations. They provide a common understanding for what needs to be done and shared expectations for how tasks are completed. e) Employees can coach and support each other if there is documentation available on exactly how various tasks must be done and everyone knows what their co-workers are supposed to be doing. This can also help generate a more cooperative team approach to getting all the daily tasks done correctly, everyday. f) This SOP encourages regular evaluation of work activity and continuous improvement in how things are done. Scope: This SOP is written for Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors. The specific tasks within â€Å"Cassava Processing† are covered. This SOP does not cover the Cassava Production, Harvesting and Marketing. Responsibilities: The Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors should be responsible for coordinating and implementing the Cassava Processing Factory and product sales tasks. The Production Manager is responsible for training and managing the Factory Workers, Supervisors, Lab Techs etc; Production Manager should support the objectives policies of the Company and provide input to further development of SOPs. He/she would be responsible for planning, organizing, supervising and managing the activities of the entire factory and the routine maintenance of all factory equipment. Factory Workers are expected to discharge their duties efficiently and in compliance with the Standard Operating Procedures, work manual and equipment manual provided. The Standard Operating Procedures 1. 0 Cassava processing Cassava processing aims at increasing the quality and storability of cassava tubers. This enhances the ability of the farmers to develop additional products, such as baking products out of cassava flour. It further ensures reduction or total elimination of undesirable toxic constituents in cassava so that it is suitable for human consumption. A. Producing Cassava Flour and Chips: I. Using low-cyanide varieties Freshly harvested cassava is peeled using a knife. The peeled cassava is then washed and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). These are then dried on a raised platform under direct sun for about 2 days or specially-made driers, until moisture content of about 8 to 10 % is reached. Properly dried chips become tough to break, but crumble into flour when hit with a hard item like a hammer. The drying process should be done continuously and the drying chips should not be exposed again to water to avoid molding. The chips may then be ground or milled into flour; dried chips store better than flour. II. Using high-cyanide varieties Freshly uprooted cassava are peeled and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). The sliced chips are then dried in the sun for about 3 days to about 14 % moisture content. The chips are then soaked in water for 8 hours, and dried again to a moisture content of about 8 %. B. Producing Gari Fermented cassava dough: Gari is a creamy-white or yellow dried cassava product, common in West Africa. It is prepared by peeling the outside of the tuber skin and washed. The washed tubers are then grated using a grater. It is then packed in bags with holes to drain off the liquid and left to ferment for 1 to 5 days, depending on the preferred flavour. The fermented material is then pressed to let out the extra water leaving a cassava cake. The remaining cake is broken loose and spread on frying metal trays above a fire. The particles are fried until crisp and dry, about 10 % moisture content. The gari is then cooled, sieved and packed for sale or storage. C. Cassava Starch extraction After washing and peeling, roots are grated to release starch granules. The starch milk water containing suspended granules then, separated from the pulp, after which the granules are separated from the water by sedimentation or in a centrifuge. At that point, the starch requires solar or artificial drying to remove moisture before being milled, sieved and packed. In artisanal production systems, daily starch output ranges from 50 to 60 kg of starch per worker, while semi-mechanized processing can yield up to 10 tonnes a day. In modern, fully mechanized starch extraction plants, daily output is as high as 150 tonnes. Cassava Processing Equipment I. Traditional cassava processing does not require sophisticated equipment. Processing cassava into gari requires equipment such as grater, presser and fryer. The traditional cassava grater is made of flattened kerosene tin or iron sheet perforated with nails and fastened onto a wooden board with handles. Grating is done by rubbing the peeled roots against the rough perforated surface of the iron sheet which tears off the peeled cassava root flesh into mash. In recent years, various attempts have been made to improve graters. Graters which are belt-driven from a static 5 HP Lister type engine have been developed and are being extensively used in Nigeria. Its capacity to grate cassava is about one ton of fresh peeled roots per hour. II. For draining excess liquid from the grated pulp the sacks containing the grated pulpy mass are slowly pressed down using a 30-ton hydraulic jack press with wooden platforms, before sieving and roasting into gari. Stones are used in traditional processing to press out the excess moisture from the grated pulp. Tied wooden frames are used for this purpose in places where stones are not available. Pans made from iron or earthen pots are used for roasting the fermented pulp. Fuel wood is the mad or source of energy for boiling, roasting, steaming and frying. Fuel wood may not be easily and cheaply obtained in the future because of rapid deforestation. III. Slight changes in the equipment used in processing can help to save fuel and lessen the discomfort, health hazard, and drudgery for the operating women. The economic success of any future commercial development of cassava processing would depend upon the adaptability of each processing stage to mechanization. However, the first step to take for improvement of cassava technologies should be to improve or modify the simple processing equipment or systems presently used, rather than to change entirely to new, sophisticated, and expensive equipment. Storage of cassava processed products Processing, particularly drying and roasting, increases shelf life of cassava products. Good storage depends on the moisture content of the products and temperature and relative humidity of the storage environment. The moisture content of gari for safe storage is belong 12. 7%. When temperature and relative humidity are above 27 °C and 70% respectively, gari goes bad (Igbeka 1987). The type of bag used for packing also affects shelf life depending on the ability of the material to maintain safe product moisture levels. Jute and hessian bags are recommended in dry cool environments because they allow good ventilation (Igbeka 1987). When gari, dried pulp and flour are well dried and properly packed, they can be stored without loss of quality for over one year. Dried cassava balls (kumkum) can be stored for up to 2 years (Numfor end Ay 1987). Chickwangue, Myondo and Bobolo can be preserved for up to 1 week but they can be kept for several more days when recooked. Cassava leaves as vegetable I. Cassava shoots of 30 cm length (measured from the apex) are harvested from the plants. The hard petioles are removed and the blades and young petioles are pounded with a pestle in a mortar. A variation of this process involves blanching the leaves before pounding. The resulting pulp is then boded for about 30-60 minutes. In some countries, the first boiled water is decanted and replaced. Pepper, palm-oil and other aromatic ingredients are added. The mixture is then boiled for 30 minutes (Numfor and Ay 1987). Unlike the roots that are essentially carbohydrate, cassava leaves are a good source of protein and vitamins which can provide a valuable supplement to predominantly starchy diets. Cassava leaves are rich in protein, calcium, iron and vitamins, comparing favorably with other green vegetables generally regarded as good protein sources. The amino acid composition of cassava leaves shows that, except for methionine, the essential amino acid values in cassava exceed those of the FAO reference protein (Lancaster and Brooks 1983). II. The total essential amino acid content for cassava leaf protein is similar to that found in hens egg and is greater than that in oat and rice grain, soybean seed, and spinach leaf (Yeoh and Chew 1976). While the vitamin content of the leaves is high, the processing techniques for preparing the leaves for consumption can lead to huge losses. For example, the prolonged boiling involved in making African soups or stews, results in considerable loss of vitamin C. III. Cassava leaves form a significant part of the diets in many countries in Africa. They are used as one of the preferred vegetables in most cassava growing countries, particularly in Zaire, Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic, Angola, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The cassava leaves prepared as vegetable are called sakasaka or pondu in Zaire, Congo, Central African Republic and Sudan, Kizaka in Angola, Mathapa in Mozambique, Chigwada in Malawi, Chombo or Ngwada in Zambia, Gweri in Cameroon, Kisanby in Tanzania, Cassada leaves in Sierra Leone, Banankou boulou nan in Mali, Mafe haako bantare in Guinea, and Isombe in Rwanda. They are mostly served as a sauce which is eaten with chickwangue, fufu, and boiled cassava. Revision History: Revision |Date |Description of changes |Requested By | |01 |08/07/2012 |Initial Release | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | References: http://www. fao. org/index_en. htm http://www. fao. org/ag/agp/agpc/gcds/ [pic] The Global Cassava Partnership, a consortium formed under the auspices of the FAO-facilitated Global Cassava Development Strategy by international organizations, including FAO, CIAT, IFAD and IITA, national research institutions, NGOs and private partners. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Starting a Cassava Farm – IPM Field Guide for Extensions Agents. 2008; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Disease Control in Cassava Farms. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Weed Control in Cassava Farms. 2000. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents; In-Service Training Trust (ISTT). Cassava Production Field Guide. 2008. NRDC Campus, Lusaka, Zambia. ORIGIN Group’s SOP: Confidential and Proprietary Page 6

The History and Development of Psychology essays

The History and Development of Psychology essays Psychology has evolved through the years as the face of society and culture has changed. As the worlds population grows so do the boundaries by which the science of psychology is growing. It is an adventure of the mind that compels one to want to study the human psyche. These studies have produced thousands of publications over the past three hundred years. Many of which we can still find in publication today. Not only are some of the literary works still in publication, but also many of the theories have remained without much change. We have entered into a world of experimentation. One that allows us to research and study animal behaviors. These experiments are regulated, however, there are many different opinions as to how they should be regulated and if they are enough. Who determines these regulations? It must be up to the scholars, leaders and our society. Without studies, advancements would not be found. Where do these psychologist go? You see them in many forms. In the early days, they were educators of psychology, scientists and researchers. Now, they are clinical psychologists, school psychologists, and industrial psychologists and yes, many are still educators, scientists and researchers. Their work is tireless, valued and tested each day. Some areas have broadened and opened up the eyes of many young scholars. Where is psychology going? We can only assume with the psychology of yesterday and today that we will delve into a new realm of the psychological world. It is one of great interest. Not all can understand this interest but many are intrigued by psychology. ...

Free MCSE Practice Test 70-290

Free MCSE Practice Test 70-290 Read the question and then click on the checkbox that contains the correct answer. Some questions may have multiple answers, in which case you can place a check in the box next to each correct answer. The small field to the immediate right of the question will display Yes if you are correct or No  if you have selected the wrong answer. Click on the Explanation button to find out more about the answer. This is really helpful if you get the answer wrong because it can give you more detail on what the answer pertains to. Therefore, this isnt just a test, necessarily, but also a type of study guide. Choosing the Next Question   button lets you move through the MCSE Practice test. There is a poll and additional MCSE resources on the final page of the MCSE Practice test, so be sure to follow through with all the questions.   Your answers are not graded, so you cant see which topics you struggled with. Therefore, keep track of the difficult ones yourself so you can read up on where you need to improve. Good luck! More Information on the MCSE Test According to Microsoft, the MCSE 70-290 test examines your skills when it comes to managing and maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment. These are the main topics discussed in the  test: Create and manage user, group, and computer accountsManage file and share permissionsHelp control Web server access and manage sites with Internet Information Services (IIS)Manage hardware devices, disk storage, software, and print servicesImplement backup procedures and perform system recovery The link at the top of this page is for a free MCSE 70-290 test, but some study material comes at a cost. This may be a good thing if youve exhausted all the free study tests you can find because the ones that cost are typically full of lots of useful information.

A paper for a play (Theatre appreciation) Essay

A paper for a play (Theatre appreciation) - Essay Example Produced in 1959, the play presaged the revolution in Black and women’s consciousness and the revolutionary torment in Africa that exploded in the years after Mrs. Hansberry’s death in 1965 to ineradicably change the consciousness and social fabric of the nation and the world. â€Å"As so many have commented lately, it did so in a manner and to an extent that few could have foreseen, for not only the restored material, but much else that passed unnoticed in the play at the time, speaks to issues that are now inescapable value systems of the black family; concepts of African American beauty and identity; class ad generational conflicts; the relationships of husbands and wives; black men and women; the outspoken feminism of the daughter; and in the penultimate scene between Beneatha and Asagai, the larger statement of the play and the ongoing struggle it portends† (Nerniroff, 1994) Although 1930 is the time Americans associate with the Great Depression, the Hansberry family remained economically stable and by 1930 standards of the Chicago blacks, they would have been considered â€Å"rich†. Hansberry was not comfortable with her â€Å"rich girl† status, but identified with the â€Å"children of the poor†. She imitated their maturity and independence. She decided to wear keys around her neck in imitation of the â€Å"latchkey† children of her day, so she too might be regarded as one of them. She never lived in a Younger household but observed such households closely in her childhood. In her plays as in â€Å"Raisin†, she has focused on the class of black people she cared most about. On the other hand, Lorraine’s father, Carl, remained politically active. He challenged a Supreme court decision against integration and won his right to purchase a house in an exclusive Chicago neighborhood where no other blacks lived. â€Å"Shortly afterward, Hansberry herself was nearly killed by a brick hurled through a window by angry whites. Hansberry

Freedom of Religion in the Bill of Rights Research Paper

Freedom of Religion in the Bill of Rights - Research Paper Example Moreover, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment prevents the government from making laws that establish any religion as the state religion. This clause ensures the secular nature of the US Constitution. The First Amendment to the US Constitution deals with religious freedom. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances...Amendment 1 (The United States Constitution, 2009). The First Amendment also provides the right of Freedom of expression. These rights cannot be interfered with by the government. Freedom of expression includes the rights of Freedom of speech, press, and assembly. It also includes the freedom to petition the government for a redressal of a grievance. The Supreme Court and the lower courts have interpreted the definition of the freedoms provided by the First Amendment to the Constitution, through their case law. These freedoms and rights apply to all the people who live in the US, and not just its citizens (Citizen Rights). The Establishment Clause precludes the government from enacting legislation that accords any religion the status of the state religion. It also prohibits the government from treating any religion with greater preference than the other religions. This clause has been interpreted by the courts to engender separation of Church and State. The Free Exercise Clause restricts the government from interfering with any individual’s religious practices. All the same, civil and federal laws are permitted to restrict religious acts and ceremonies, wherever warranted (Citizen Rights).

puddnhead wilson :: essays research papers

This section is the heart of both the farce and the tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson. The action is fast-paced, often absurd, and accompanied by convoluted plot twists. Yet it is always intimately tied to the central problem of the story: Roxy's failure to "save" her son, whose racial heritage seems to damn him inescapably. Roxy herself seems to agree with racist sentiments when she tells "Tom" that his black blood is to blame for his behavior. She also takes the opportunity to make claims for her own heritage, telling her son that she is descended from Pocahontas and Captain John Smith, and is thereby of as high quality Virginia stock as the judge or anyone else. While Roxy may seem to be a sort of "Uncle Tom" figure here, Twain avoids this interpretation by making her as much of a victim as her son. Her claims about her ancestry are pathetic and ridiculous, but they show how deeply entrenched the white hegemony is. Roxy's comments point to the fact that b lack blood is the problem: black labor has made the white masters wealthy and thus enabled both "Tom"'s upbringing and the kind of rhetoric that the judge and Roxy use about their fine old families. Concepts of "honor" in this novel have little to do with standards of behavior but are instead ways to uphold an exploitative system. Aside from the more profound issues at stake, this section also contains some of Twain's finest comic writing. The scene at the anti-temperance meeting is theatrical and amusing. It also makes reference to one of the major figures to whom Twain sought to compare himself: Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was the first to set up fire companies in the United States, and the Dawson's Landing fire brigade is similar in its bumbling to the companies Franklin describes in his Autobiography. The comment about the townspeople insuring themselves against the firefighters rather than against fire is obviously Franklin-esque: wry, practical, and linguistically aware. Franklin is the epitome of the self-made man in American literature and history, and by making reference to him Twain means to challenge the idea of self-constructed identities in a world where race is so powerful a determinant that it can erase all else. Pudd'nhead, the most Franklin- like of the characters in this novel, has so far fai led to become who he wants to be, and is left, like Franklin, conducting experiments that are ridiculed rather than appreciated. puddnhead wilson :: essays research papers This section is the heart of both the farce and the tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson. The action is fast-paced, often absurd, and accompanied by convoluted plot twists. Yet it is always intimately tied to the central problem of the story: Roxy's failure to "save" her son, whose racial heritage seems to damn him inescapably. Roxy herself seems to agree with racist sentiments when she tells "Tom" that his black blood is to blame for his behavior. She also takes the opportunity to make claims for her own heritage, telling her son that she is descended from Pocahontas and Captain John Smith, and is thereby of as high quality Virginia stock as the judge or anyone else. While Roxy may seem to be a sort of "Uncle Tom" figure here, Twain avoids this interpretation by making her as much of a victim as her son. Her claims about her ancestry are pathetic and ridiculous, but they show how deeply entrenched the white hegemony is. Roxy's comments point to the fact that b lack blood is the problem: black labor has made the white masters wealthy and thus enabled both "Tom"'s upbringing and the kind of rhetoric that the judge and Roxy use about their fine old families. Concepts of "honor" in this novel have little to do with standards of behavior but are instead ways to uphold an exploitative system. Aside from the more profound issues at stake, this section also contains some of Twain's finest comic writing. The scene at the anti-temperance meeting is theatrical and amusing. It also makes reference to one of the major figures to whom Twain sought to compare himself: Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was the first to set up fire companies in the United States, and the Dawson's Landing fire brigade is similar in its bumbling to the companies Franklin describes in his Autobiography. The comment about the townspeople insuring themselves against the firefighters rather than against fire is obviously Franklin-esque: wry, practical, and linguistically aware. Franklin is the epitome of the self-made man in American literature and history, and by making reference to him Twain means to challenge the idea of self-constructed identities in a world where race is so powerful a determinant that it can erase all else. Pudd'nhead, the most Franklin- like of the characters in this novel, has so far fai led to become who he wants to be, and is left, like Franklin, conducting experiments that are ridiculed rather than appreciated.